By Dr. Anju Bajaj, Chair, Mood Disorders Association of Manitoba

Mental health is a key part of our overall well-being, influencing how we think, feel, and act every day. Since it’s Psychology Month, let’s take a closer look at the science behind mental health and how our brain, genetics, and environment shape it.

The brain, a complex and powerful organ, plays a crucial role in regulating emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. Several key areas influence mental health, including the prefrontal cortex, which supports decision-making and self-control; the amygdala, responsible for processing emotions like fear and stress; and the hippocampus, which aids memory and learning. When these regions are impacted by chronic stress, trauma, or imbalances, they can contribute to conditions like anxiety, depression, and PTSD.

Neurotransmitters, the brain’s chemical messengers, also play an essential role. Serotonin helps regulate mood, and low levels are linked to depression and anxiety. Dopamine affects motivation and pleasure, with imbalances potentially contributing to schizophrenia or addiction. GABA, a calming neurotransmitter, helps regulate stress levels, and its deficiency can lead to heightened anxiety. Understanding these biological mechanisms allows for better-targeted treatments, including medication and therapy, to help restore balance.

Genetics can also play a role in mental health, with conditions like depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia sometimes running in families. However, genetic predisposition does not determine fate—environmental factors and personal experiences significantly influence mental well-being. Life stressors, trauma, and lifestyle choices, such as maintaining a balanced diet, exercising, and getting adequate sleep, contribute to mental health resilience. Strong social connections further act as protective factors, helping individuals cope with challenges and reducing the risk of developing mental health disorders.

As a STEM educator, I have observed firsthand how mental health influences students’ learning and development. When students feel supported and engaged, they perform better academically and socially. Encouraging curiosity, critical thinking, and problem-solving fosters resilience and confidence. Hands-on learning and collaborative projects not only enhance cognitive skills but also create a sense of belonging and achievement, which are crucial for emotional well-being. Integrating mental wellness practices within education ensures that students build both intellectual and emotional strength for future challenges.

The Mood Disorders Association of Manitoba (MDAM) plays a crucial role in supporting individuals affected by mood disorders. Through education, peer support, and resources, MDAM helps individuals and families navigate mental health challenges. Their community programs, workshops, and advocacy efforts work to reduce stigma and promote awareness, ensuring that individuals receive timely and appropriate support. By creating accessible and inclusive mental health services, MDAM empowers people to take control of their well-being.

New research in mental health continues to advance our understanding and treatment of mental illnesses. Brain imaging studies provide insights into how different conditions affect brain function, leading to more effective, personalized treatments. Digital tools, such as therapy apps and online support groups, are increasing access to mental health care, making it easier for individuals to find support when they need it.

Understanding mental health science helps break stigma and encourages proactive care. Recognizing the impact of brain function, genetics, and lifestyle choices allows individuals to make informed decisions about their well-being. As an educator, I strive to create a learning environment that supports mental health, and organizations like MDAM continue to play an essential role in providing education and advocacy. This Psychology Month, let’s take the opportunity to have open conversations, support one another, and continue learning about mental health.

References

1. Mood Disorders Association of Manitoba. (2023). About Us. Retrieved from https://www.mooddisordersmanitoba.ca
2. National Institute of Mental Health. (2023). Mental Health Information. Retrieved from https://www.nimh.nih.gov
3. Harvard Medical School. (2022). How the Brain Affects Mental Health. Retrieved from https://www.health.harvard.edu
4. American Psychological Association. (2023). The Role of Genetics in Mental Health. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org
5. World Health Organization. (2023). Mental Health and Well-Being. Retrieved from https://www.who.int